Dreamweaver's Approach To Website Accessibility

A website's accessibility is a measure of how easy it is for visitors with different levels of motor, visual and auditory ability to make sense of the content on your web pages. If your website is accessible then people using screen readers, who prefer not to display images as they browse or who wish to increase the size at which text is displayed can all gain access to the information held in your pages.

Dreamweaver has a number of features which enable web developers to ensure that content on their pages Is accessible. There are useful dialogs which appear automatically when content added to a page can be made accessible. Dreamweaver also allows web page creators to check their pages for any accessibility issues.

The main settings in Dreamweaver are located by choosing Edit - Preferences. On the left of the Preferences screen there are a series of categories. In the General category, you should ensure that the option to use CSS instead of HTML tags is activated. Also, in the Accessibility category, you should switch on all of the checkboxes for displaying a dialog of relevant accessibility attributes for form object, media (Flash, video etc.) and form elements.

The result of activating these elements is that when you apply formatting attributes to text or to the body of the page, Dreamweaver will create CSS tags to achieve the formatting since CSS makes web pages more accessible by separating formatting information from the actual page content. Another consequence will be that, each time you add certain elements to a page, a dialog will appear prompting you to choose which of the relevant accessibility attributes you wish to associate with that element.

With the accessibility options activated, whenever you insert an image onto the page, Dreamweaver will display a dialog asking you to enter alternate text (alt text). The alt attribute provides a description of the image which can be seen by anyone waiting for the image to load on a slow internet connection. Anyone browsing your site with a screen reader will rely on your alt text to know what each image contains.

Dreamweaver will also prompt for the insertion of a link pointing to a long description of an image. This option should be used for complex images whose content cannot be adequately described in the brief alt text attribute. Examples of such images would be charts, diagrams, paintings or photos containing groups of people.

When the accessibility options relating to forms are active, Dreamweaver will display a dialog of options every time a form or form element is added to the page. The first set of options relates to the addition of the LABEL tag which serves to associate descriptive text labels with the form control to which they relate. The dialog also allows you to specify the order in which elements will be accessed by pressing the Tab key on the keyboard.

Similarly, if you add a media element to a page, the accessibility dialog pops up and prompts you to enter up to three elements: a title, an access key and a tab index. The title should be a description of the media element and serves a similar function as the alt text which is used with images. The access key is an optional keyboard shortcut which can be used to make the media element active. The tab index is a number which indicates the position of the element in the tab order for that page. The tab order is the order in which elements are accessed when the user presses the Tab key.

As well as these useful prompts, Dreamweaver will also produce a report of any items on the page with possible issues relating to accessibility. To access this feature, first save the page then choose File - Check Page - Accessibility. Dreamweaver analyses the page then produces a list of items which might need attention. Double-clicking any item in the list activates Dreamweaver's split screen view (showing both code and preview) with the relevant item highlighted in each pane.

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Author is a developer and trainer with Macresource Computer Solutions, an independent computer training company offering Adobe Dreamweaver Classes in London and throughout the UK. Don't reprint this exact article. Instead, reprint a free unique content version of this same article.

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